Immune globulin usage trends in commercially insured and Medicare populations, 2009–2019

Authors: Jiao, Y; Moll, K; Dores, GM; Tworkoski, E; Zhou, CK; Scott, D; Wong, H-L; Fingar, K; Burrell, T; McEvoy, R; Hobbi, S; Chillarige, Y; Obidi, J; MaCurdy, T; Kelman, J; Shoaibi, A

Affiliations: Acumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA, IBM Consulting, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA, Accenture Federal Services, Arlington, Virginia, USA, Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Washington, DC, USA

Publication: Transfusion; 2023

Abstract: BACKGROUND Longitudinal patterns of immune globulins (IG) use have not been described in large populations. Understanding IG usage is important given potential supply limitations impacting individuals for whom IG is the sole life-saving/health-preserving therapy. The study describes US IG utilization patterns from 2009 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Using IBM MarketScan commercial and Medicare claims data, we examined four metrics overall and by condition-specific categories during 2009–2019: (1) IG administrations per 100,000 person-years, (2) IG recipients per 100,000 enrollees, (3) average annual administrations per recipient, and (4) average annual dose per recipient. RESULTS In the commercial and Medicare populations respectively: IG administrations per 100,000 person-years increased by 120% (213–470) and 144% (692–1693); IG recipients per 100,000 enrollees grew by 71% (24–42) and 102% (89–179); average annual administrations per recipient rose by 28% (8–10) and 19% (8–9); and average annual dose (grams) per recipient increased by 29% (384–497) and 34% (317–426). IG administrations associated with immunodeficiency (per 100,000 person-years) increased by 154% (from 127 to 321) and 176% (from 365 to 1007). Autoimmune and neurologic conditions were associated with higher annual average administrations and dose than other conditions. DISCUSSION IG use increased, coinciding with a growth in the IG recipient population in the United States. Several conditions contributed to the trend, with the largest increase observed among immunodeficient individuals. Future investigations should assess changes in the demand for IVIG by disease state or indication and consider treatment effectiveness.